Marijuana Dependance

What is marijuana dependence (cannabis use disorder)?

CUD covers a spectrum from mild to severe misuse; in its most serious form, it resembles addiction. It can involve cravings, unsuccessful quit attempts, increased tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and continued use despite negative consequences. 

Many people assume marijuana is harmless—but regular or heavy use can lead to dependence in some users, especially when use begins at a young age or becomes daily.

Why does dependence develop?

• Neurochemical changes & reward circuitry
   THC activates the brain’s endocannabinoid system and stimulates dopamine release in reward pathways, reinforcing use. Over time, the brain may reduce its natural dopamine activity and downregulate receptors, heightening reliance on external stimulation. 

• Tolerance
   With repeated use, higher doses or stronger THC formulations may be required to achieve the same effect, driving escalation. 

• Withdrawal & negative reinforcement
   Abrupt reduction or cessation can trigger withdrawal symptoms—mood disturbances, sleep issues, irritability—that motivate continued use to relieve discomfort. 

• Psychosocial & developmental factors
   Early initiation (adolescence), high-frequency use, co-occurring mental health conditions (anxiety, depression), social environment, stress, and genetic predisposition all increase risk.

• Potency & modes of use
   In recent years, cannabis potency (THC concentration) and alternative delivery methods (dabs, concentrates, edibles) have increased, intensifying effects and raising risk of dependence.

Signs & symptoms to watch for

Dependence or addiction to marijuana may manifest with physical, psychological, and behavioral signs. Common warning signals include:

• Using more marijuana than intended or for longer periods

• Inability to quit or cut back despite wanting to

• Strong cravings or urges to use

• Spending substantial time obtaining, using, or recovering

• Neglecting responsibilities (work, school, family)

• Continuing use despite worsening mental, physical, or relational consequences 

• Withdrawal symptoms when use stops (see next section)

• Tolerance (needing more to get same effect)

• Reduced interest in activities once enjoyed

• Social isolation or secrecy around use 

• Mood dysregulation — irritability, anxiety, depression

• Sleep disturbances, vivid dreams or nightmares

• Appetite changes, restlessness, discomfort or physical unease when not using 

Unlike other substances, marijuana withdrawal is not typically life-threatening—but the psychological and behavioral symptoms can be distressing and make abstinence difficult.

Marijuana withdrawal: what to expect

When someone with dependence stops or reduces heavy use, a withdrawal syndrome can emerge. Common symptoms include:

• Irritability, anger, or aggression

• Nervousness, anxiety

• Restlessness or inability to stay still

• Depressed mood

• Sleep disruption (insomnia, strange dreams, vivid/nightmare dreams)

• Decreased appetite, weight loss

• Cravings for cannabis

• Physical discomfort (headaches, sweating, chills)

These symptoms typically begin within 1–3 days after last use, peak around days 2–6, and may persist for 1–2 weeks (or longer in some cases).

Although withdrawal from marijuana is rarely dangerous medically, it can contribute to relapse unless managed carefully.

If you’re battling marijuana dependence — or cannabis use disorder (CUD) — don’t delay in seeking help. Call the Valley Medical and Wellness location nearest you to schedule an appointment today.